Shouldered stud bolt riveting or setting die



July 4, 1933. H. W, KULP ET AL 1,916,623

SHOULDERED STUD BOLT RIVETING OR SETTING DIE Filed March 18, 1950 /lllm.I H n atroz/wu,

5 bolts securing the brake-drum and hubs of the Model A Ford automobileand other au- Patented July 4, 1933 nARnYVw. HULP Ann MARTIN c'.vnnLLiNeERgor LANCASTERJENNSYLVANIA i sHoULnERnn s'rnnnonr nrvETINGoRsETTING DIEy Application led March 18,1330.Y Serial No. 436,766. e

-T his invention relates to riveting, expanding and/or upsetting dies ormeans for shouldered bolts or stud bolts Vand is partic-` ularlyintended for use in replacing the stud tomobiles employing this samegeneral-construction, when said stud boltsbecome brokenv or Worn or incase 1t 1s desired for any rea-v,

son to replace hub. I Y ln said Model VA Ford automobile Wire spokeWheels, not shown, are employed, sa-id Wheels having a central tubularVsleeve or sheet meta-l portion which'tits over the cast or orgedmetalhubsr A, said central tubular sleeve being formed intermediate itsrendswith a radial flange extending perpendicularly to the against the outerface of the brake-drum web Ey and being secured thereto by means them orthe brake-drumor of the stud boltspassing through' the radial flange Dof the hub A, the Web E of the.

brake-drumA` and the radial flange of -said Wheel sleeve andhaving nuts,not shown,

screwed on their outer screw-,threaded por- ,I

tions H. 'n i n V VThe Vusual internalbrake bands are" disposed .Ywithinthe brake-drum vvith their kouter Arictional 'faces disposed-closelyadjacent the opposed radially inner VVfaces of the annular flanges Frespectively of'l the brake-drum, the inner or enlarged end of thebrake-drum being closed in usual manner by -a plate, not.

shown, to exclude dirt, grit 'and other foreigninatter'from th'eibrake"bands and working parts disposed Within the `closed interior ofv ftheAbrake-drum, and the means,

Y not shown, for operating said brake bands,

not vshown,4 extend through said cover or plate, all accordingv to usualknown practice and as embodied'in the Model A Ford auto`- mobile. i

` In case of apunctured tire,ior'othervin- Jury to a tire for Wheel,theinjure'd' Wheel,l

ortho Wheel'carrying-the injured tire, isfremoved by 'removing the; nutsfrom the ends,

of ,the` respectivegstud bolts, pulling said wheel Vaially of the saidstud bolts until free therefrom, -and replaced a; du?,`

axis of the wheel and fitting Y Vdisplaced in an axial direction. j f

plicate .spare Wheel and tire by .shoving the latter Wheel axiallytoward the WebE of the bralejdrum, the respective stud bolts beingreceived in corresponding lperforations', not shown, of thefradialflange of the spare Wheel hub sleeve. Inpso applying the spare Unirse ls'iai-r2s'.1l PATENT oFFiCE, l

Wheel there Will be van endvvise thrust exerted on the stud boltstending to force them into. the interiorV of the brake-drum. Inv fact,Vitquite frequently happens that the wheel l'- sleeve or hub vsleeveWill' strike against the ends of the y,stud bolts `due to improperregistry oi itsperlorationsWith the stud bolts due'toimproperpositioning of the Wheel "in thefinitialY stages of mounting the eXtraWheel `on the hub.` Y V. 1 vSaidstudbolts are usually formed with `aVshort'enlarged shoulder or annularl portion J of `appreciably greaterdiameter thanpthe lscrew-threaded portion H, said shoulder J in appliedrelationextending throughl lthe Vradial flange D of the hub A and thewebE of the brakedr-,um and being lof a length greater than the combinedthicknessof said hubV flange D and web E; VIn setting or riveting thesestud bolts in the said flange D and Web'E pressure is `exerted endwiseof the bolt upon said shoulder J to reduce itslengtli` andexpandit incross-section or increase its diameter-to make ay tight bindingforbiting'Y Vit in the registering vperforationsVV of said flange D and. web E,or in additionto such foreshortening 'and radial expanding the outerendof said shoulder J may be'spread VKand-'riveted over against .theouter face of the Web E, or inrvlieu of such expanding thel outer, endportionof the shoulder J may be spread Aradially `and/or riveted over.against A the outer -face ofthe. Web E, any one of vsuch operationsserving to :positively'secure said stud bolts in position and preventtheir being The foregoing elements formino part of?v our inventionbut'are @thus briefly referredlto` I simply to' aid .in vgiving a betterunderstandJ ing of'our-invention'.

4 'Y This present 4i113. ent-ion has f for lits 'obj ectsyprimari'ly,.the yprovision of a, smalll portable l set of dies forriveting orsetting the stud bolts above referred to inoperativeposition; f

diately vadjacent and about the bore therein to bear upon and form theadjacent end of' to provide a set of dies for such purpose suited to useeither in conjunction with a powerful arbor or other suitable powerpress, or in conjunction with a hand hammer so as to lend itself freelyto the needs of the small ill-equipped garage or repair shop as well asthe large elaborately equipped garage or machine shop; to provide insucha set of dies an anvil die having interchangeable or vreversibleends Specially fo fmed and designed for use in connection with aplurality of different head-type or form stud bolts; to provide an anvildie so formed as to be conveniently capable of being operativelypositioned, presented and held inY several different manners as thefacilities available may require; to provide a special centering andpositioning holder selectively receiving the respective end portions ofsaid anvil` die to' present the other end portion thereof in properposition: to especially form the anvil die to receive pressure in a linecoincident with its axis while retaining sufficient crosssection, orweight ofv metal to avoid distortion under pressure and yet permit itsinsertion into'pr'oper position with its axis close to and parallelingthe axially extending facev `with arelatively long laterally extendinghandle for ease of manipulation and proper tion with a hand hammer; toprovide such a pressure die with a specially formedv selfcenteringupperr end surface for cooperation withthe pressure foot of an arbor orother suitable power press; to form the lower or bored end of thepressure die in such man-v ner as to give a great degree of visibilityof the work during the actual riveting or setting operation; and tospecially form the lower end face of the pressure die immeated upon insuch manner as desired.

. In the accompanying drawing:

lFigure l represents a perspective view illustrating the operation ofour invention thev shoulder J ofthe lstud bolt being operinl connectionlwith a bench vise and hand hammer, the hub and brake-drum being showninsection anda round-headed' stud Abolt being shown properly positionedin the registering `perforations thereof g Figure 2, a vertical 'centralsection through the dies and fragmentary portions of thev hub and theweb of the brake-drum, fragpositioning particularly for use in comico--`flange D.

mentary portions of the jaws of thevise being shown m elevation;

Figure 3, a sectional view as used 1n an `arbor press, the diesupporting block being shown in elevation and the die supporting beam ofthe press and the pressure foot thereof being shown in fragmentarysection and elevation respectively; f

Figure 4, a superposed view of the dieA and the 'centering holdertherefor preferabl Y employed in using the die set in an arbor press,and which may be used also in substitution for the vise when employing'a hand hammer; Figure 5, `a fragmentary sectional view of the set ofdies as operatively applied to allatheaded bevel-type stud bolt appliedthrough the hub flange D and brake-drum web E, the fiat planenon-recessed end of 4the anvil die being applied against and supportingthe head of the stud bolt; j

Figure 6, a reduced size fragmentary inner side elevation of the hub andbrake drum,

showing the spacing of the stud bolts and the form of: their heads topositively prevent their rotation about their axes, the anvil die beingindicated by dotted lines in its position as applied to one of said studbolts duringV the riveting, setting, expanding or upsetting operation;and

Figure 7, a bottom plan viewk of the pressure die 6. Y i I Referring nowin detail tothe drawing, A indicates the hub havingV outwardly taperingbore B to receive the end of thexaxle and formed with a concentricaxially inwardly extending bearing sleeve C andan annular radiallyextending perforated connecting flange D, E lthevveb of the brake-drumformed ofsheet metal in the Model AF'ord and having twosuccessiveinwardly extending annular flanges F of different diameters to beengaged on their vrespective radially inner .faces bythe Opposedradially outer faces of Vthe respective brake bands, not'shown allaccording vto known construction as embodied, for instance, in the ModelA Ford, va recently introduced model and awell known mali-e ofautomobile in practically universal use throughout the world. y 1 'i lSaid web E and hub flange D are'formed with a plurality-'of registeringperforations to'receive the usual stud bolts which have a screw-threadedouter* end portion H, a. con.V vex head I as shown 1n Figures l, Zand3,.

or a Aflat beveled type head I', as shown in Fig. 5, and an intermediateshort annular shoulder-or portion J of considerably larger diameter thanscrew-threaded portionH,

said portion J extending from'the head l or- I as the case may be andmaking al'close fit" in the perforations in thewebE and flange D andbeing of a length appreciably in excess of the combined thickness ofvsaid web E and knl@ ma diei is preferably @yiinarmi sure'. Thecorresponding vend face `or anvil in cross-section with one end portionaxially cut away to therlataxially extending face 2 to "avoidinterference with thebearing l sleeve C of the hub A while insuring'asujfliciently heavy rugged body-'to the anvil die and Ypermitting itsaxis to be `aligned with the axis of the stud bolt being operated uponandthe central line of the application of presoi' the anvil 'dieyl isAformed with a circular recess orconcavity 3 concentric with theaxis ci'the anvildie l and inoperation receiving, centering and supporting therounded or' convex'head l; of thev 'stud bolt bein-g operated upon. '1

'The other end porti-on'ofthe anvil die l may be cut'awayaxially onVopposite 'sides'.l

v to the parallel opposedfla't axially extending faces Qakfor thesamelength and depth as the first mentioned end, and/will have a smoothuninterrupted e-Xtreine end face'or. anvil a* fall lying in the Vsa'i'ne'plane vfor use with 'flat heads l of headed beveled type studbolts, as illustrated in Fig,y 5.

' The cutting away of the end portions toL iorm the liat axiallyextending yfaces 2- and Qa respectively results in forming :therespective transversely extending-'shoulders 5 and.

The cooperating pressure die 6 'is preer-' ably cylindrical in shapewith its lower endv portion frusto-conical in `forni to promotevisibility of the workduring the setting orV riv-f eting operation, andis formed* with a bore 7 concentric with its axis and extending upwardfrom its Ylower end for a distance considerably in excess of the lengthof the screwthreaded portion H of sucha stud bolt, said bore being openat its lowerend and of an internal diameter such" as to'snugly-slidablyl receive such portion H Voffsuchv a bolt and not to receive theenlarged annular portionk or shoulder Jthereoff vTheextreme lower l endface of said pressure diej may be formed l with a narrow .flat annularface 8 all lying in the saine plane and extending radially fromv thesaid bore 7, aswell shown in Fig.7, or

y the cone shape maybe continued right up to, and practically intersect,the wall of said 50' ,intersects .the wall ofsaid bore 7 and said;`

groove serving to upset ,the'inaterial of said shoulder as cut into bysaid cutting edge, as

- wellasto compresssaid shoulder J eiidwise to expand it radially, orsaid extreme lower end portion of the pressureA die v6 may be otherwiseformed to achieve the desired end tions.

eitherlby vcompressingr the shoulder J as al whole lengthwise, sodecreasing its length and increasing its diameter, or' byispreadingtheouter 'end of the shoulder- J while also expanding said shoulderradially, or lby spreading'and upsettingY the outer end of said.shoulder J While'compr-essing said shoulder as a whole-axially andexpanding it radially, or spreading vthe outer end of said shoulderfJ orotherwise operating `upon said shoul- J to vachieve the desired result.

` `Thel pressure-'die 6 preferably has convex selt-centeringupper endsurfaceQ to'cooperate with'the lower'concave-face of the pressure foot Kof an arbor or other'suitable 'and conveniently available powerpress,and also i'spreferably provided witha handle Al0 rigid with'saidpressuredie 6 wherebyQthe-said pressure'rdie '6' mayY be easily andconvenient- -ly held incorrect operative position'with one hand andstruck vwith a hand-hammer Nl held y in tlie'other hand in casenoarboror Vothersuitable power pressis readilyy available, so that asingle operative or mechanic may perform the entireI setting orriveting'operations readilyand conveniently Aunder all c'oiidi- Thecentering larly to said,V bottom surface and of such size las toselectively. snugly receive eitherend portion of said-anvil die l, the.greatest crosssectional dimensions of which are' identicalv Yin length.y M

' Said holder 1l when employed will prefer- Vably be placed uponalsupporting metal block or plate L having anl upper surface alllying ina single plane. In use in connection with an arbor or other suitablepower press said holder l1 willprete'rably'be employed and its'supporting block L willy be placed upon the usual horizontal supportingbeam or press anvil M, as indicated fragmentarily in Fig. 3, when thehead l or l of the stud bolt to beoperat'ed vupon and as inserted in theyper-r forations of the Vflange 'D and web E willbe rested upon, and-centered with'relation to,

lfthe upper end of anvil die l, with the adjacent portion of bearingsleeve@ extending inward ,of the cylindrical' middleportion of anvil diel' closely adjacent, to face 2 and in ralignment with shoulder 5. Thepressuredie `iis then to be slippedover the screw-threaded .portiony ofsaid stud bolt until its extreme lower end face 8 rests on the upper endof shoulder J' of the stud'rbolt- Asthus re; vlated the dies l" and 6together 'with the stud bolt are next centered withrelation to thepressure footK of thejpress, which is then operated'to force pressuredie 6 toward 'anvil l vand positioning holder ll f vwilli'iave a. flatbottoni surface and formed with. a central bore 1-2 extendingperpendicuinsk diel with resultant oreshortening andra- .dial expansion,or spreading and upsetting,

or*A spreading`,fof the shoulder J, orv the other y portion thereof,o,fsaid studfrbolt, to positive- 1y hold or ksa a in Said` fung@ D ma web'E against axial movement relative. thereto,

the end sought.

Y n case` no arbor or other suitable power press is available, one endportion of the anvil diei may be inserted between the jaws of a benchvise O which aws respectively engage with either the opposedflatfaces-2a, with the shoulders 5d' resting on Athe tops of said vise jaws,as illustrated in Fig. l, or the fiat face 2 and the oppositecylindrical portion with the shoulder 5 resting on the top of one ofsaid jaws. lith the anvil die l so held in the vise O, the parts arearranged as above resting squarely on a metal block such as Lillustrated in vFig. 3.

The radially outer portion of the end portion ofthe anvil die 1 formedwith concave stud bolt head seat 3 will preferably be beveled off asillustrated, particularly across the fiat face 2, such beveling servingt0 accommodate a fillet that may be placed in the angle between theinner face of the radial flange D and the outer face of the axiallyextending 1 bearing sleeve C, 'or irregularities in the face of oneorthe other or both of said parts D and G at or adjacent said angle, orlforeign mattei' that may become embedded or vcakedV in said angle.

We claim: Y l

A set of dies for expanding the'oross-sectionally enlarged shoulder of astud bolt in the. registering perforations of a hub flange 'andbrakedrum web and closely adjacent Vto the axially inwardly extending*-hub bearing j sleeve, said set of dies comprising an anvil die having aportion adapted to extend closely adjacent to said bearing sleeve and toengage and support the headV of the stud bolt, in com bination vwith apressure die having a bore of uniform diameter throughout its length andof ,greater length than the screw-threaded portion ofsaid stud bolt andjust snugly receiving -slidably said screw-threaded portion, thefaee'ofthelower portion of said'pressure die tapering inwardly anddownwardly and f intersecting the wall of said bore to form an annularedge surface adapted to engage, cut into, and spread the enlargedannular shoulderof the stud bolt. Y e In testimony whereof, we havesigned our names to this specification at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, thisv28th day of February 1930. Y

HARRY W. KULP. y MARTIN C. DELLINGER.

